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NFHS rules prohibit the use of electronic recording devices during competition. NCAA rules, Section 3, Article 12 also seems to prohibit their use.

While USATF rules do not seem to specifically prohibit their use for viewing or coaching during the competition, Rule 159 states:

"Electronic devices not approved by the Games Committee shall not be used by
any individual in the area of competition or designated warm-up area."

Does this apply to all electronic devices such as MP3 players, cameras, etc. as in NFHS and NCAA, or does the "Games Committee" allow these?

RULE 159
ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Electronic devices not approved by the Games Committee shall not be used by
any individual in the area of competition or designated warm-up area.

Generally all devices are included.

So I assume that the Games Committee doesn't spend a lot of time developing lists of specially-approved equipment...

I think you are correct.

I have not seen any deviation over many years of officating since portable electronic devices were invented. All devices have been outlawed (when the rule is enforced by officials.)